A decades-old outbreak of anthrax in Siberia has reignited concerns about the resurgence of deadly diseases in remote Arctic regions, as scientists investigate whether climate change is accelerating the thawing of ancient permafrost. The discovery of infected reindeer and subsequent human cases has raised alarms about the potential release of long-buried pathogens, prompting urgent research into how rising temperatures may be exposing frozen carcasses and spores to the surface. Authorities are working to contain the spread while experts warn that similar risks could emerge as permafrost continues to degrade across the Arctic. The situation underscores growing fears that global warming could unleash forgotten biological threats.